Yapahuwa Rock Fortress
Yapahuwa, යාපහුව in Sinhalese, stands proudly as an ephemeral capital from medieval Sri Lanka. This awe-inspiring rock fortress, located in the northwestern region of the island, showcases a fusion of historical significance, architectural marvels, and cultural heritage. Let’s embark on a captivating journey through time as we explore the captivating history, remarkable ruins, and enduring legacy of Yapahuwa.
The Rise of Yapahuwa Rajadhaniya
Facing invasions from South India, King Bhuvenakabahu took a bold step in 1272. He moved the capital from Polonnaruwa to Yapahuwa to protect the Sacred Tooth Relic, an important religious item. Sadly, after King Bhuvenakabahu’s death in 1284, the Pandyans invaded and took the Sacred Tooth Relic. Consequently, Yapahuwa was mostly deserted and became a sanctuary for Buddhist monks and ascetics.
Strategic Location and Naming
Yapahuwa Rajadhaniya is a historical gem located in Sri Lanka’s North Western Province. It is situated about halfway between Kurunagala and Anuradhapura, surrounded by beautiful landscapes. The place was originally called Yapawwa, but its name gradually changed to Yapahuwa over time.
Architectural Marvels: Yapahuwa’s Storied Structures
As you step into the Yapahuwa Rock Fortress, you will feel like you’ve traveled back in time. The ruins surrounding you have a haunting beauty. The main attraction of the fortress is its center, which is situated on top of a huge rock. To reach it, you can climb the stone staircases that have detailed carvings. Once you reach the top, you’ll see the remains of palaces, temples, and stupas that tell stories of the kingdom’s greatness. The ruins of Yapahuwa Rajadhaniya will make you curious about the lives of the people who lived here in the past.
Journey of the Sacred Tooth Relic
Yapahuwa played an important part in the journey of the Sacred Tooth Relic. Initially, the relic was brought from Dambadeniya and kept in the temple on the third staircase of Yapahuwa. Sadly, the Pandyans took the relics and brought them to South India. However, in 1288, King Parakkramabahu III successfully brought back the sacred relics and temporarily kept them in Polonnaruwa.
Architectural Marvels: Yapahuwa’s Storied Structures
Yapahuwa, the capital of Sri Lanka from 1273 to 1284, is situated on a tall 90-meter rock made of granite. It was built by King Buvanekabahu I and had impressive architecture similar to Sigiriya. The remains of defensive structures show its glorious past. The beautiful staircase, with about 100 steps, attracts visitors. On top of the rock, you can find a stupa, an enclosed area with a Bodhi tree, and a shelter where monks used to live, showing that it was a Buddhist monastery. There are many caves with Buddha statues and ancient writings in the Brahmi script. At the base of the rock, there is a fortified structure with water-filled trenches and walls that protect a Buddhist shrine. Nearby, the Yapahuwa Rajamaha Vihara, a remarkable temple from the Kandyan era, shines brightly. Explore Yapahuwa’s rich history and cultural heritage, which is full of ancient grandeur.
Yapahuwa Today
Yapahuwa Rock Fortress is an amazing place to visit, filled with ancient ruins that give us a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s medieval history. When you explore the ruins, you’ll be awed by the impressive architecture and the skill of the people who built it. The presence of Yapahuwa Rajamaha Vihara, a beautiful temple, adds to the peaceful and spiritual atmosphere of the site. It’s a place where you can truly appreciate the history and feel connected to the past.
In conclusion, Yapahuwa Rock Fortress is a testament to the rich historical and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka. Its commanding location, extraordinary architecture, and profound historical significance make it an enthralling destination for those seeking to unravel the mysteries of the past.